Making a file world-writable is like leaving your front door wide open all the time. It can be tempting if you are having permissions issues, but the correct solution is to change the ownership of the file, add the relevant user to its ownership group, or to use ACLs if you need more flexibility than standard UNIX permissions. IMPORTANT: NEVER make a file (including a directory) world-writable! Ever. You can set permission for everyone to execute the file (make it "world-executable") by using "a+x", which is a synonym for "ugo+x". To remove permission, you use - instead of +. This is adding (+) permission for the user (u) to execute (x) the file. You chmod a file by using a command like this one: Other permissions, for users who don't own the file and aren't in its ownership group.Īfter the permission mask comes a number (not really sure what this means, never needed to use it), followed by the ownership user and group (these are the ones affected by the user and group permissions above, respectively). These will be r, w or x if the permission is set, and - if it is not.Ĥ. User permissions (read, write and execute). Either a d or a -, depending on whether or not the file is a directory.Ģ.
You can use ls -lhd directoryname to see the current permissions mask, which consists of:ġ. You probably just need to chmod the directory it's in and/or the file itself.
There are ways of getting around this, but sudo isn't a good solution anyway, because running things as root is pointless at best and dangerous at worst. Sudo cd doesn't work because cd is a built-in shell function, not an executable.
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